cal and TEM Analysis with the Thyroid three.3. Histological and TEM Analysis with the Thyroid The thyroid of all experimental groups is characterized by a regular follicular structure: theThe thyroid proximity to connective tissue capsule had been bigger, whilst far more centrally PAK3 site follicles in of all experimental groups is characterized by a typical follicular structure: the follicles in proximity to connective tissue capsule wereof Orx animals andcenlocated follicles had been of smaller sized size. On the other hand, the thyroid bigger, even though extra extra trally locatedOrx + Vit. D3 of smaller size. On the other hand, the thyroid of Orx animals and more notably of follicles were group, was characterized by a microfollicular architecture and notably of Orx + Vit. D3 group, was characterized by a microfollicular architecture group follicules containing smaller amounts of luminal colloid in comparison using the SO and follicules containing smaller amounts of luminal examination confirmed that the follicular (Figure two, left column). Electron microscopic colloid in comparison with the SO group (Figure 2, leftwas typically cuboidal in all experimental groups, having a huge nucleus at the epithelium column). basal pole and more pronounced organelles in the apical pole of the cell (Figure 2, proper column). Cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) appeared dilated in all groups. On the other hand, dense bodies ysosomes have been extra abundant in Orx + Vit. D3 rats (Figure two, ideal column), indicating intensified utilization of stored colloid and release of thyroid hormone in the blood stream. The typical quantity of lysosomes per thyrocyte was: 13.64 four.4 for SO, 12.two three.two for Orx and 16.six two.six for Orx + Vit. D3 rats. The average quantity of lysosomes per thyrocyte considerably increased in Orx + Vit. D3 rats when compared with Orx rats (by 36 , p 0.01). Lysosomes have been heterogeneous in size, their average diameter varied similarly in all experimental groups from 0.two to 1.0 .Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23,dense bodies ysosomes have been more abundant in Orx + Vit. D3 rats (Figure 2, suitable column), indicating intensified utilization of stored colloid and release of thyroid hormone in the blood stream. The typical number of lysosomes per thyrocyte was: 13.64 4.4 for SO, 12.2 three.two for Orx and 16.six two.six for Orx + Vit. D3 rats. The average quantity of lysosomes per thyrocyte drastically enhanced in Orx + Vit. D3 rats compared to Orx rats (by 36 , p 7 of 16 0.01). Lysosomes were heterogeneous in size, their typical diameter varied similarly in all experimental groups from 0.2 to 1.0 .Figure 2. Representative micrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained thyroid sections (left colFigure 2. Representative micrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained thyroid sections (left column) and transmission electron microscopy of Nav1.7 Source thyrocytes (correct column) from sham-operated (SO), umn) and transmission electron microscopy of thyrocytes (proper column) from sham-operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx) and orchidectomized cholecalciferol- treated (Orx + Vit. D3 ) rats. N, nucleus; C, colloid; M, mitochondria; RER, rough endoplasmic reticulum; DB, dense bodies, lysosomes; CD, colloid droplets; V, smaller electron dense vesicles.3.four. IHC Analysis of Thyroid-Specific Proteins Immunostaining analysis of thyroid-specific proteins showed variations amongst the experimental groups (Figures 3 and 4). The IHC staining pattern of TPO was diffuse and fine granular in the cytoplasm of thyroid epithelium, becoming far more intense in the apical pole of some f
